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About the Sanshoku Medaka
The Sanshoku Medaka is one of the most beautiful and collectible varieties of Japanese Rice Fish, celebrated for its stunning tri-colour pattern of red, white, and black. The name "Sanshoku" translates to "three colours" in Japanese, reflecting the unique markings that make each fish truly one of a kind. No two Sanshoku Medaka display exactly the same pattern, making them highly sought after by hobbyists and collectors alike.
Originally developed through selective breeding in Japan, Sanshoku Medaka are hardy, peaceful fish that thrive in both aquariums and outdoor ponds. Their metallic scales and striking colour combinations become even more vibrant under natural sunlight, making them especially popular in shallow ponds and aquascaped display tanks.
These active schooling fish enjoy planted aquariums with floating plants, gentle water movement, and open swimming areas. They coexist well with other peaceful nano fish, freshwater shrimp, and snails. A varied diet of premium micro pellets, crushed flakes, baby brine shrimp, daphnia, and live foods helps maintain vibrant colours while encouraging regular spawning.
Easy to care for, peaceful, and exceptionally attractive, the Sanshoku Medaka is an outstanding choice for aquarists wanting a unique and colourful addition to their freshwater aquarium or pond.
Quick Care Guide
Scientific Name
Oryzias latipes "Sanshoku"
Common Name
Sanshoku Medaka
Origin
Captive-bred Japanese variety
Adult Size
3–4 cm
Temperament
Peaceful
Diet
Omnivore
Minimum Tank Size
40 Litres
Temperature
10–28°C
pH
6.5–8.0
Water Hardness
5–20 dGH
Difficulty
Beginner
Lifespan
3–5 Years
Suitable For
Nano aquariums, planted tanks, shrimp aquariums, and outdoor ponds
Frequently Asked Questions
What does "Sanshoku" mean?
"Sanshoku" is Japanese for "three colours", referring to the red, white, and black pattern that makes this Medaka variety so distinctive.
How many Sanshoku Medaka should I keep?
Sanshoku Medaka are schooling fish and should be kept in groups of at least six. Larger groups encourage natural behaviour and reduce stress.
What do Sanshoku Medaka eat?
They thrive on quality micro pellets, crushed flakes, baby brine shrimp, daphnia, mosquito larvae, and other small live or frozen foods.
Can Sanshoku Medaka live with shrimp?
Yes. They are peaceful and make excellent companions for Cherry Shrimp, Amano Shrimp, and other dwarf shrimp. Very small shrimplets may occasionally be eaten.
Can Sanshoku Medaka live outdoors?
Yes. They are ideal for outdoor ponds in suitable climates and often display their best colours under natural sunlight.
Common Mistakes
Keeping them alone
Sanshoku Medaka are social fish and thrive when kept in schools.
Housing them with large predatory fish
Choose peaceful tank mates that won't prey on these small fish.
Overfeeding
Feed small portions once or twice daily to maintain good water quality.
Poor water quality
Although very hardy, regular maintenance and stable water conditions keep them healthy and vibrant.
Leaving the aquarium uncovered
Medaka are capable jumpers, so a secure lid is strongly recommended.
